The up zubtsovku TRIANGULAR — philatelic title zubtsovki available only on 3 sides stamps (one perforated). Causes 3убцовки tripartite: missing at random perforation (defect of the perforation) or the presence of the brand in one of the last rows of vintage sheet, when for some reason not prepariruetsya last line, separating the field sheets (for example, often in the booklets).
The up zubtsovku waste of time — stamp, the name of zubtsovki on postage stamps went on sale in the form of small sheets of paper bound in the notebook (see Brochures). Sometimes the size and appearance differs from zubtsovki the same stamps printed regular leaves. For 3убцовки waste of time typically associated with the up zubtsovku bilateral, trilateral or corner.
US DOLLAR — monetary unit equal to 100 cents, United States; Confederate States of America 1861-65 years; the Hawaiian Islands in 1851-99 years; GUAM 1899-1930 in years; the Panama canal Zone in 1924-79 years; the Marshall Islands since 1984; Micronesia 1984; Palau 1983; Puerto Rico, 1898; British virgin Islands 1962; Islands Turk and Caicos Islands since 1973.
The VATICAN [Stato della Citta del Vaticano] — the city-state, located in Western Rome, is an absolute theocratic monarchy. The first stamp issued in 1929, the first commemorative stamps — 1933, an airmail — 1938, first 1952. Mail the Vatican issued parcel stamps in 1931 and postage due — 1931.
Postage stamp Vatican
SHEET WATERMARK — watermark, full figure which is placed on the grade sheet in 1 time or a limited number of times so that the individual stamps are only fragments, and in some it is absent altogether. Watermark sheet is usually in a certain part of stamp sheet and, for the most part, are the trademark of the factory — manufacturer of the paper or the printing house that printed the stamps.
The WHOLE CLASS of THINGS is one of the special classes of philatelic exhibitions, which exhibited fragments of various collections of postal stationery. The whole class is competitive, for the exhibits of the exhibition jury may award various awards provided for in this show.
The WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (who) is a specialized Agency of the UN with headquarters in Geneva. Founded in 1946. The first stamps for postal purposes, the who released in 1948. This is imprinting the name of the organization on stamps of Switzerland. From 1957, stamps issued with original drawings and the name of the organization in 1962 commemorative stamp.
Postage stamp who
The WORLD INTELLECTUAL property ORGANIZATION (WIPO) is an international intergovernmental organization, a specialized Agency of the UN with headquarters in Geneva. Established in 1967 to promote the protection of works of intellectual creativity. The first brand for the organization issued by the Swiss post in 1982.
Postage stamp WIPO
The WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION (WMO) — a specialized UN Agency. Founded in 1947 for international cooperation and research in the area of weather service. Whereabouts in Geneva. For postal purposes, WMO Swiss post since 1956, publishes special stamps with the name of the organization. In 1973 issued commemorative stamps in honor of the 100th anniversary of international meteorological cooperation.
Postage stamp WMO
The XEROGRAPHICALLY — way printing, a variety of Electrophotography. When printing postage stamps were not used. Famous cases of fabrication in some countries by way of Xerography illustrations on short-run envelopes of the first day.
The YARD of HONOR (honorable court) — philatelic title of the special, non-competitive class at a major philatelic exhibition. In the Courtyard of honor exhibits specially invited individuals (honorary members), has repeatedly awarded the highest awards.
The ZEMSTVO POSTAGE STAMPS — postage stamps issued by Zemstvo councils for the payment for the delivery of private correspondence by the Zemstvo post. 3емские the first postage stamps came out in December of 1866 in Verkhnedneprovskiy district of the Ekaterinoslav province. Official permission Zemstvo mails to have their own postage stamps followed 05.05.1867 when the post office of Russia has allowed them to enter Novgorod, Belozersky, Tikhvin and the Kherson Zemstvo. In the next 2 years the number of counties that had 3емские postage stamps, more than 20. During the existence of the Zemstvo mail stamps issued in 163 districts in 34 provinces and their major varieties close to 3000. One of the prerequisites for the introduction of postage stamps 3емских was a sharp contrast to the stamps of the state address. This condition is strictly controlled. Even a slight similarity between the drawings of these stamps with the state served as a pretext for their withdrawal from circulation (e.g., 3емские postage stamps Tver, Melitopol, Buguruslanskiy, Kadnikovsky, Urzhumskaya and other Zemstvo posts). 3емские postage stamps were made in the field using hand stamps and various stamps, published in district and provincial centers, and in private tipolitografia Moscow, St.-Petersburg, Kharkov, Odessa and other cities. Since 1884 3емские postage stamps in large quantities are now made in the capital of the expedition of gotosuggestion securities (the expedition of storing state papers)have attempted to standardize. 5 known types of the standard of drawings, which made 3емские postage stamps for 44 counties. Meet brand oval (Lebedyansky, lokhvitskiy, okhanskaya and other counties), round (Anan, Krasnenskiy, piryatinsky, Pavlograd and other counties) and rhombic (Dankowski, volchanskiy, Egorievsk, Pskov and other counties) form. Well-known brands, is made on the reverse side office forms (Anan'ivs'kyi district) and hand painted (the Tikhvin district). In some counties (Zadonsk, Krapivinskoe, Tinkers, Lubny and Saratov) 3емские postage stamps bore the registration numbers or cut-off coupon that served as a receipt of acceptance of the postal items, in other — the check digit (Bugulma district) or test dies of the County government (Kharkiv district). 3емские postage stamps had a different purpose. For example, in Ardatov, akhtyrskiy, Bogorodskoye, Dukhovschinsky, Kolomna and other counties issued differing in color "paid" and "debt" of the brand. First sold to the population, the second pasted Zemstvo postal employee at the mail, going to the County and paid for by the recipient. In Justicialism Vesegonskogo and counties for these purposes were used 3емские ordinary postage stamps, but they imposed the stamp "Paid" and "Not paid", making them "paid" or "debt" of the brand. In the Dmitrov district on stamps ink was placed the inscription "Not paid". In Perm, Skopin and other counties have used stamps for registered letters, at Poltava and Lubny service in OSA — mail order and so on. In connection with the change in Zemstvo postal rates 3емские postage stamps supplied with individual printings protective mats have the new nominal value, and part because of a shortage of low denomination stamps were used and cut in halves (irbitskiy, Osinsky, Perm and other counties).
Most 3емских pocztowych marks the first releases do not have perforations. Brand later editions differ in a variety of ways and forms of making zubtsovki or punctures. Well-known brand with punctures, made on the sewing machine with a very large up zubtsovku and others.
Often brands the same issue had several editions and different grade of paper, glue, parts, pattern, position in a printing sheet and other features, forming numerous varieties (types). Practiced release of the series marks one risunka (Alexandria, bezhetskiy, Belozersky, Bogorodskiy, gryazovetskiy, Poltava and other counties). Pictures of most 3емских stamps are ornaments or coats of arms of counties and provinces Along with this there was 3емские postage stamps with original paintings, email attributes (Gryazovets district), episodes of the Patriotic war of 1812 (Krasnensky district) and others.
3емские postage stamps was extinguished in various ways: by a strikeout, labeling the dates, names of places of reception of correspondence, the names of the Zemstvo postal employee and prints of stamps and seals.
The ZEMSTVO POSTAGE STAMPS CATALOGS — catalogs and directories that are both price lists Zemstvo stampsissued in the USSR and abroad. The most famous are:
Chudovskiy D. N. The description of the Russian Zemstvo postage stamps, envelopes and parcels. — Kiev, 1888.
Catalogue of Zemstvo stamps. Under the editorship of the Commissioner for philately and Bonham in the Soviet Union of F. G. Chuchin. — Moscow, 1925.
Schmidt S. Die Postwerizeichen der Russischen I. andschaftsaemter. — Charlottenburg. 1932.
Moens, J.-B. Cataloque prix-courant de Timbres-poste. — Bruxelles. 1892.
Cataloque des Timbres de Poste Locale Russe Zemstvos. — Lyon. 1978.
THEME — collection of philatelic materials (stamps, blocks, integers and postal stationery, stamps and so on), built by the author of the plan (see below the plan). In the collection of thematic logically develops the chosen theme with the help of philatelic material which should have its main point directly. The development of thematic Collection should strictly follow the plan, the amount of sections and subsections correspond to their significance, without excessive digression. Of particular importance is the originality of the topic. The author must show a deep and General philatelic knowledge. The collection theme is especially popular in the last 40 years. The leading role was played by collectors and philatelic organizations of the socialist countries, developing important social and political issues.
The envelope of the collection of postal cancellation of the USSR
Thematic plan — a mandatory integral part of the thematic collection (exhibit), serves as an introduction to the collection, is located on a separate (main) page following the title, should not exceed one exhibition sheet. The plan should be logically clear, orderly and consistent, reflect the content and articulation of the piece. For thematic exhibits sent to the international exhibition, it is recommended to write the plan in the language of the country where it is held, or in French.
THICK PAPER is the collective name of various kinds of paper thickness 0.1 to 0.13 mm (thickness measured in those areas where no ink).
TISSUE PAPER — stamp the name of the variety is very thin (translucent) paper with a thickness less than 0.05 mm, strong enough and absorbent tipogr. paint. For printing postage stamps was used very rarely. One example of the stamps of East Germany (Saxony-Anhalt) 1946 "Land reform".
To GIVE PERSONALLY the inscription of postal items of a particular category: when filing the sender assigns a communications company to hand it personally to the addressee or his power of attorney to another person against receipt of the notification, which is then returned to the sender. In the USSR, with a mark "to Hand over personally" accept registered letters and postal cards addressed to the citizens at home; an additional fee will be charged. In some countries, for the presentation of mail with a mark "to Hand over personally" be charged. For this purpose are available, for example, in Czechoslovakia, special postmark.